Powder metallurgical produced tool steel is the answer to increasing demand on tools.
The quality of the powder influences the quality of the steel decisively. By means of a new process BÖHLER is able to produce powder with medium grit size of 60μ.
TAKE YOUR CHOICE according to the required
compressive strength
wear resistance
corrosion resistance
toughness
ADVANTAGES THAT ARE WORTHWHILE
extremely high wear-resistance
means long tool life and higher economic efficiency
high compressive strength
for the highest tool stress possible
high toughness
·giving assurance against bread age and cracking of tool edges
·consistency in total production time
high corrosion resistance
for "shining" results and maintenance reduction
simple to polish to a mirror finish
for the highest surface quality with the least amount of effort
the best grind ability
for low production and maintenance costs
Grade/ BÖHLER
Chemical composition (average %)
Standards
C
Cr
Mn
Si
Mo
V
W
Co
DIN
AISI
S390
1.64
4.8
-
-
2.0
4.8
10.5
8.0
-
-
S690
1.35
4.3
-
-
5.0
4.1
5.9
-
-
~M4
K190
2.3
12.5
0.4
0.4
1.1
4.0
-
-
1.2380
~X220CrVMo134
--
K190
Top performance by isotropic properties
BÖHLER K190 MICROCLEAN owes its superior properties above all to the powder metallurgical production process. The main advantages of BÖHLER K190 MICROCLEAN over conventional steels are:
uniform carbide distribution
small carbide size
uniform chemical composition over the entire cross section and length
uniform properties
virtually isotropic behaviour thanks to material homogeneity and absence of segregation
Top performance under severest conditions
The special advantages of this PM steel make themselves felt in numerous applications:
Blanking and punching industry
Cutting tools (dies, punches) for normal punching and precision blanking, shear blades for cutting thin materials.
Cold forming industry
Extrusion tools (cold and semi cold extrusion)
drawing and deep-drawing tools
stamping tools
thread rolling tools
cold rolls for multiple roller stands
cold pilger rolling piercers
piercing dies
Machining industry
Wood working tools
machining tools for special purposes
Plastics processing industry
Extruder cylinders and conveyor screws
mould inserts
injection nozzles
backflow check valves
Wear parts
Compression moulding tools for the ceramics and pharmaceutical industries
sinter pressing tools
Material properties
extremly high wear resistance
excellent toughness
optimum grind ability even in case of deep cavities in the tool centre
low and uniform dimensional changes during heat treatment
low susceptibility to excessive hardening temperatures and times
suitability for vacuum hardening
good electrical discharge machining properties
excellent suitability for taking a high mirror polish
suitability for hobbing after special annealing
uniform mechanical properties over the entire cross section and length
high compressive strength
Heat treatment information
Heat treatment
Hot forming
1100 to 900°C
Slow cooling in furnace or thermo insulating material.
Annealing
800 to 850°C, neutral atmosphere/
Slow controlled cooling in furnace at a rate of 10 to 20 °C/hr down to approx. 600°C, further cooling in air.
Hardness after annealing: max. 260HB
Stress relieving
650 to 700°C
After through heating, soak for 1 to 2 hours in neutral atmosphere/ slow cooling in furnace.
Hardening
1050 to 1150°C/oil, salt bath (220-250°C or 500-550°C), air or gas from neutral atmosphere; for air and gas cooling a sufficiently high cooling rate must be ensured.
Holding time after through heating:20 to 30 minutes; the time in the cooling medium depends on the relevant workpiece size and furnace parameters.
Vacuum hardening is recommended.
Average hardness after hardening prior to tempering.
When high toughness requirements are imposed and in case of intricately shaped tools we recommend hardening from the lower hardening temperature range.
When supreme wear resistance is required we recommend hardening from the upper hardening temperature range.
Tempering
Slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening/ time in furnace 1 hour for each 20mm of work piece thickness but at least 2 hours/ air-cooling; it is recommended to temperate least twice.
High speed steel produced by powder metallurgy methods with highest wear resistance, red hardness and compressive strength.
The PM technology imparts to the material also excellent toughness and mach inability, e.g.highly satisfactory grndability.
Application
Heavy-duty machining tools E.g. tools for nonferrous metals such as titanium and aluminium alloys.
Pinion type cutters of single or multipiece design
Side milling cutters, profile cutters, hob milling cutters
Broaching tools of all types
Chucking taps
Twist drills
Chasing tools
Reamers
Bimetal stripes for saw blades
Tools used under extreme compressive stresses
E.g. precision blanking tools for high-strength materials.
Punches
Dies
Heat treatment information
Heat treatment
Hot forming
Forging
1150 to 900°C
Slow cooling in furnace or in thermo insulating material.
Annealing
770 to 840°C/ 4h/ controlled slow cooling in furnace (10-20°C) to 740°C/2h/ cooling in furnace.
Hardness after annealing: max. 300 Brinell.
Stress relieving
600 to 650°C
Slow cooling in furnace.
To relieve stresses set up by extensive machining or in tools of intricate shape. After through heating, hold in neutral atmosphere for 1 to 2 hours.
Hardening
1150 to 1230°C
Oil, salt bath (500-550°C), dry air blast. Upper temperature range for parts of simple shape, lower for parts of complex shape. For cold working tools also lower temperatures are of importance for higher toughness. Soaking time after heating up the whole section of a workpiece 80 seconds minimum is required for dissolving sufficient carbides.
Maximum soaking time 150 seconds to avoid detriments by over soaking. In practice instead of soaking time the time of exposure from placing the workpiece into the salth bath after preheating until removing (including the stages of heating to the specified surface temperature and of heating to the temperature throughout the whole section) is used.
Vacuum hardening is also possible. The time in the vacuum furnace depends on the relevant workpiece size and furnace parameters.
High speed steel produced by powder metallurgy methods with highest wear resistance, red hardness and compressive strength.
The PM technology imparts to the material also excellent toughness and mach inability, e.g. highly satisfactory grind ability.
Application
Heavy-duty machining tools E.g. tools for nonferrous metals such as titanium and aluminium alloys
Pinion type cutters of single or multi piece design
Side milling cutters, profile cutters, hob milling cutters
Broaching tools of all types
Chucking taps
Twist drills
Chasing tools
Reamers
Bimetal strips for saw blades
Tools
used under extreme compressive stresses E.g. precision blanking tools for high-strength materials.
Punches
Dies
Heat treatment information
Heat treatment
Hot forming
Forging
1100 to 900°C
Slow cooling in furnace or in thermo insulating material.
Annealing
770 to 840°C
Slow cooling in furnace. Hardness after annealing: max.280 Brinell
Stress relieving
600 to 650°C
Slow cooling in furnace. To relieve stresses set up by extensive machining or in tools of intricate shape. After through heating, hold in neutral atmosphere for 1 to 2 hours.
Hardening
1150 to 1230°C
Oil, salt bath (500-550°C), dry air blsast. Upper temperature range for parts of simple shape, lower for parts of complex shape.
For cold working tools also lower temperatures are of important for higher toughness. Soaking time after heating up the whole section of a workpiece 80 seconds minimum is required for dissolving sufficient carbides.
Maximum soaking time 150 seconds to avoid detriments by over soaking. In practice instead of soaking time the time of exposure from placing the workpiece into the salth bath after preheating until removing ( including the stages of heating to the specified surface temperature and of heating to the temperature throughout the whole section) is used.
Vacuum hardening is also possible. The time in the vacuum furnace depends on the relevant workpiece size and furnace parameters.
Tempering
Slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening/time in furnace: 1 hour for every 20mm of workpiece thickness, but not less than 2 hours/ air cooling( minimum holding time:1 hour)
1 st tempering and 2 nd tempering to desired working hardness
3 rd tempering for stress relieving.
30-50°C below highest tempering temperature
Obtainable hardness after tempreing:64-66HRC